Recommended fluence range
The recommended range is the fluence needed for a full (100%) Kill at each depth across the site's typical dermal-papilla depth band, from the easiest depth (range minimum) to the hardest (range maximum) — the same figures as the "F needed for Kill" column below. Body site sets that depth band (a placeholder estimate pending clinical confirmation — easy to adjust). Device min fluence is assumed to be 1 J/cm², skin cooling before treatment is assumed per the ice-pack guidance above (based on skin tone), and the epidermal caution limit is fixed at 45°C. Epidermal temperature is a model estimate, not a validated safety limit — always follow your device manufacturer's clinical guidance for epidermal safety.
Diode output power (2026-09-14). For the three diode wavelengths only, a second, physically-derived fluence ceiling now applies alongside the flat "Device max fluence" slider: Fmax(τ) = (power ÷ spot area) × pulse duration — a hardware limit on how fast a diode's rated optical output can pump energy into the spot, which unlike the flat slider gets more restrictive at shorter pulse durations and larger spot sizes. Whichever cap is lower for the current settings is the one that governs achievability, and the flags below say which one is biting. This doesn't apply to ruby, alexandrite, Nd:YAG, or IPL, which aren't specified by a continuous output-power rating the same way.